Skeletal Pathologies
TERMS FOR REVIEW
Periosteum
Diaphysis
Epiphysis
Endosteum
Compact Bone
Haversian systems
Cancellous bones
Epiphyseal cartilage
Osteoblasts/osteoclasts
Ossification/resorption
PATHOLOGIES
REMEMBER:RAD FINDINGS AND DEFINITION
TRANSITIONAL VERTEBRA
SPINA BIFIDA
OSTEOPETROSIS
OI
CHARACTERISTICS OF BOTH DIVISIONS OF SPINE
LUMBARIZATION
SACRALIZATION
CERVICAL RIB
FAILURE OF RESORPTIVE MECHANISM (HEREDITARY)
MARBLE BONES
INHERITED
SEVERE OSTEOPOROSIS, DEFECTIVE CORTICES
OSTEOPOROSIS AND DEXA
Refer to handout
Accelerated bone resorption
Cannot be visualized on radiograph until 50-70% of bone density is lost!
Radiographically: "picture frame"
DEXA DUAL ENERGY X-RAY ABSORPTIOMETRY
2 beams of high and low energy
ST eliminated, bone mineral density (BMG)
T-score
Z-score
Ankylosing spondylitis
SI Joint
"bamboo spine"
Osteoporosis, stress fracture
ARTHRITIS
Rheumatoid VS Osteo
Unknown origin
Systemic, insidious
Women
Inflammation of synovial membrane
Periarticular osteoporosis
ST swelling
Solid bony ankylosis
Degenerative
Age, repetitive movement, trauma
Loss of joint space
Joint space irregularity
Gout
Paget’s disease
Benign tumors
Osteochondroma, bone cyst, giant cell tumor
Malignant
Ewings,Bony metatasis
Battered child syndrome
Shaken baby
Munchaasen syndrome
SID
Herniation of Intervertebral disc
Plain films
Myelogram
CT
MRI
SPONDYLOYSIS AND LISTHESIS