RHS 117

Fall, 2000

First Exam

D. C. Ellison, Instructor

Place a complete heading on this exam. Write in ink.

1. The Ming dynasty in China sponsored maritime voyages in the 15^th century primarily to:

 

 

2. The Mongol Conqueror of China in the late 13^th century was

 

3. – 4. Two technological innovations that moved from China to Europe during the period of Mongol domination were:

 

 

4. The Portuguese navigator who first succeeded in entering the Indian Ocean after sailing around Africa was:

 

5. The Italian merchant who visited China during the Mongol period and later dictated a popular account of his sojourn was:

 

6. The European voyages of exploration of the 15^th century had for their primary goal:

 

 

 

7. – 8. Two factors which greatly aided the Spanish conquest of the "New World" were:

 

 

 

 

 

8. The Protestant Reformation is directly related to the challenge to Roman Catholic authority by

 

 

9. The Peace of Augsburg (1555) established the principle throughout Europe that:

 

 

 

 

10. The English general and dictator who briefly ruled England at the close of the English Civil War was:

 

 

11. Which of the following would not be considered an "Enlightened Monarch? Henry VIII, Marie Theresa, Elizabeth of Russia, Charles of Spain.

11. The most direct impact of the era of European history known as the "Renaissance" was:

 

 

 

12. The development of the mechanical clock was most significant in that it
13. During the English Civil War, both at the beginning, during the course of the war and at its end, Parliament demanded from the Crown certain political concessions. In 1689, it obtained those concessions, the most important being:

 

 

14. The defeat of the Spanish Armada in 1588 was accomplished by the fleet of which nation?

 

 

15. The first English colony in N. American was the colony of

 

 

16. The most important advantage of the joint stock company was its

 

 

 

17. The Scientific discoveries of Nicolas Copernicus were disputed largely because they:

 

 

 

18. In Spain, particularly during the reign of Phillip II, the Counter-Reformation saw the appearance of an ecclesiastical court known as the

 

 

19. In a series of 18^th century wars, Britain, Austria, and Prussia were able to work together to block France’s expansion, illustrating the principle of

 

 

20. - 23 In the Spanish and Portuguese colonies in the Western Hemisphere, intermarriage blurred distinct racial lines to some extent, but left society with a clear-cut "color line." Identify the corresponding classes or strata that came into being by the 19^th century based upon "color." Place them in the order of their position in the social hierarchy from top to bottom.

24. Mercantilism, as a body of doctrine sought to achieve for the home country

 

 

 

25. The English political theorists who in the mid-17^th century advanced the notion that all persons are motivated by the "Pleasure/Pain Principle" and government could be founded upon this, was

 

 

26. The English political theorist who at the close of the English Civil War wrote "Two Treaties on Government" which influenced both the American and French Revolutions was:

 

 

27. What was the first nation to initiate the elimination of slavery?

 

28. – 30. Three immediate consequences of the operation of the British mercantile system upon their N. American colonies was:

31. What was the only major disease that originated in the Western Hemisphere and was from there transferred to Europe?

 

32. For African slaves in the Western Hemisphere, life would be most intolerable working in which endeavor:
33. The last war fought by the European powers for control of North America was the

 

 

34. – 37. National and Social Revolutions, as opposed to coups and putsches generally occur under the following four circumstances:

38. – 42. According to W. W. Rostow, there are five stages involved in moving to an economy of sustained economic growth. These are

43. – 44. Of these five stages the most important is the _______________stage, because

45. The initial act of defiance of legal authority that set off the French Revolution of 1789 was

 

 

 

46. The popular slogan of the French Revolutionists which summarized their ideas was:

47. - 48 Two new technologies associated with the textile industry during the early Industrial Revolution in England were

49. James Watts is associated with what technological innovation?

50. Next to coal, the most important energy source fueling the early Industrial Revolution in Britain was