Solid:    Matter with a fixed shape and volume.

Liquid:  Matter with a fixed volume that takes the shape of it's container.

Gas:     Matter with neither a fixed shape or volume that fills the container it is placed into.

Properties of Matter

Physical vs Chemical

Opposite physical processes matter can undergo.

freezing - melting
deposition - sublimation
condensation - boiling

Physical properties can be observed without changing a substance into another substance.

Chemical properties are exhibited as matter undergoes a chemical reaction.

A chemical reaction is a process in which at least one new substance is formed. Equations are a short hand method of illustrating what happens in a chemical reaction.

Sample Equation

2 Na + Cl₂ ---> 2 NaCl

CH4 + 2 O₂ ---> CO2 + 2 H₂O

2 H₂O ---> 2 H₂ + O₂

________________________
 

Pure Substance  vs    Mixture

Pure substances have a constant composition while mixtures can have variable composition.

___________ ____________

 Homogeneous  vs  Heterogeneous

Compound  vs  Element

If you want to speak chemistry you must learn the vocabulary. Memorize the names and symbols of the first thirty elements plus Ag, Au, Hg, Br, I, Sn, Pb, U

When the chemical symbol for an element is one letter it is always capitalized. When the
symbol is two letters only the leading letter is capitalized.

Co = cobalt;          CO carbon monoxide

No = nobelium;      NO nitric oxide