CHAPTER 12

THE CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM

1. Identify and state the function (unless marked *) of the following:

   brain                                                                     spinal cord

     each of the four ventricles                             cervical enlargement

     cerebrum                                                     lumbar enlargement

          cerebral aqueduct                                    cauda equina*

          longitudinal fissure*                                  filum terminale

          central sulcus*                                        white matter

          the left & right hemispheres*                     gray matter

          corpus callosum                                            anterior (ventral) horn*

          frontal lobe*                                                posterior (dorsal) horn*

          parietal lobe*                                               gray commissure

          temporal lobe*                                        central canal

          occipital lobe*                                         ventral root

          cerebral cortex                                        dorsal root

          sulcus*                                                       dorsal root ganglion

          gyrus*                                                   spinal nerve

thalamus

hypothalamus

pituitary gland*                                           

pineal body                                                   

brain stem                                                   Meninges of brain and spinal cord

     midbrain                                                      dura mater

     pons                                                           arachnoid

     medulla oblongata                                         pia mater

cerebellum                                                    

     arbor vitae                                              subarachnoid space

2. List four generalizations about the cerebral cortex.

3. Briefly describe (by function and location) the following functional areas of the cerebral cortex:  primary motor, Broca's, primary somatosensory, somatosensory association, primary visual, visual association, primary auditory, and auditory association.

4. Explain lateralization of the function of the cerebral hemispheres.

5. Differentiate between the three types of tracts:  commissures, tracts composed of association fibers, and tracts composed of projection fibers.

6. From lecture state the general function of the cerebral nuclei.

7. Describe decussation in the medulla oblongata and its effect on nervous system function.

8. Explain the role of the limbic system.

9. Define meningitis and encephalitis.

10. Describe how the meninges, cerebrospinal fluid, and blood-brain barrier protect the central nervous system.

11. Describe the production and circulation of cerebrospinal fluid.

12. Define concussion, contusion, cerebrovascular accidents, Alzheimer's disease, and poliomyelitis.

13. To the depth covered in lecture,  describe the tracts of the spinal cord.  You will not be asked details of any particular tract.

14. Define cerebral palsy.